Віртуальна екскурсія музеєм:

АКТ КАПІТУЛЯЦІЇ

СПОГАДИ

РЕАКЦІЯ ГРОМАДСЬКОСТІ

ЛЕГЕНДИ ТА ФАКТИ

КАРЛСХОРСТ ЯК МІСЦЕ ДЛЯ МУЗЕЮ

У 1967 році на історичному місці закінчення війни було відкрито музей. Після 1945 року радянська армія продовжувала використовувати колишнє офіцерське казино. Так званий Музей капітуляції був орієнтований на радянських військовослужбовців, які були дислоковані в НДР. Однак музей також був доступний для загального відвідування.

Після виведення радянських/російських військ Федеративна Республіка Німеччина та Російська Федерація у 1994 році домовились зберегти місце музею. Водночас експозицію вирішили повністю переробити.

Новий музей було відкрито у травні 1995 року. Він функціонував за підтримки асоціації, в якій спочатку були представлені німецькі та російські установи. В наступні роки до цієї асоціації приєдналися музеї Другої світової війни з України та Білорусі.

З початком повномасштабного вторгнення Росії в Україну 24 лютого 2022 року музей стикається з принциповими питаннями: як може виглядати надійна інституційна основа в майбутньому? Які концептуальні та змістовні корективи необхідно внести? Відповіді на ці питання активно обговорюються.

ВИХІДНІ ДАНІ

Музей Берлін-Карлсхорст
директор: др Йорг Морре
Концепція: др Бабетте Квінкерт
Куратори: Маргот Бланк, др Йорг Морре, др Бабетте Квінкерт
Виставкова графіка: Крістін Кітта
Переклад: Ірина Березнєва

Virtual tour of the museum:

SURRENDER DOCUMENT

MEMORIES

„The photographers and cameramen go crazy. They jump up on the tables, pressing their bellies against the shoulders of the generals and shoot, shoot, shoot … One of our cameramen brushes against the head of an American admiral with his camera. The admiral, obviously accustomed to the hectic activities of correspondents, laughs good naturedly and waves him aside: ‘Okay!’ But our stewards, who are not used to such behavior, would really prefer to show the poor fellow the door.“

Translated from: Konstantin M. Simonow, Kriegstagebüche, 2 vols., Berlin/DDR 1988, vol. II, p. 805

„With a hostile glance at the presidium Keitel quickly rose from his seat; he then lowered his eyes, slowly picked up his marshal’s baton from the table and approached our table with hesitant steps. His monocle fell off, swinging from its cord, and his face was covered with red spots. … After signing, Keitel rose, put on his right glove, and attempted to assume a strict military posture. He could not manage it, and quietly returned to his table.“

Translated from: Georgi K. Shukow, Erinnerungen. und Gedanken, 2 vols., Berlin/DDR 1983, vol. II, p. 363

„And suddenly all the tension in the room dissipates. It disappears as if everyone had been holding his breath for a long time and then at the same moment finally let it flow out of his lungs. A general sigh of relief and exhaustion fills the room. The surrender is confirmed, the war over.”

Translated from: Konstantin M. Simonow, Kriegstagebüche, 2 vols., Berlin/DDR 1988, vol. II, p. 807

„An hour later we returned to the room where the surrender had been signed, to find it all fully laid out for a large-scale banquet – and that meant six hours at least. There were bottles beside each plate – red wine, white wine, champagne, vodka, and brandy – as lethal a loading as one can imagine. It was not surprising that there were a number of alcoholic casualties. I was glad to note that none of them was British.“

From: Arthur Tedder, With Prejudice. The War Memoirs of Marshal of the Royal Air Force Lord Tedder, London 1966, p. 686

„The banquet ended in the morning with singing and dancing. Here the Soviet generals were simply unbeatable. In the end I, too, could not resist, felt young again, and performed a Russian folk dance.“

Translated from: Georgi K. Shukow, Erinnerungen und Gedanken, 2 vols., Berlin/DDR 1983, vol. II, p. 364

REACTIONS

“Yesterday morning something unforgettable happened. The Germans agreed to a complete, unconditional surrender. This was reported briefly but solemnly in the newspapers.”

Diary entry for May 10, 1945 by Vladimir Gelfand, of the Red Army. Source: Wladimir Gelfand, Deutschland-Tagebuch 1945–1946. Aufzeichnungen eines Rotarmisten, Berlin 2005, p. 85

“On May 8 we got the good news that the war was over and that Germany had surrendered, precisely three years after the destruction of the ghetto in Žaludok. Everyone was very excited, except for us, the few refugees in the city. For us and in us a tragedy slowly unfolded. We walked around aimlessly among the celebrators. I myself was extremely worried. Would I find any of my family alive at all? I had received no answers to the letters I had written during all that time, and in the meantime four months had already gone by since the liberation of my homeland. My fears increased with every moment.”

Moshe Beirach, a Jewish partisan. Source: Aus dem Ghetto in die Wälder. Bericht eines jüdischen Partisanen 1939–1945, Frankfurt a.M., p. 184 f.

“A few days after our return, shooting broke out in the evening just as in the worst days. My whole body began to tremble. All during the war I had held out wonderfully, always staying calm, only packing what was absolutely necessary when we fled to the cellar. Now, I thought, the war front is here again. The Germans are coming back. It is all going to start again. I threw whatever I could get hold of indiscriminately into my backpack. There are no words to describe how terrible I felt. Then someone called up from the courtyard: ‘The Russians are staging fireworks!’ They were firing in the air with whatever they had to shoot with – fireworks – peace fireworks.”

Memories of a woman from Prenzlauer Berg, quoted in: Antonia Meiners, Berlin 1945. Eine Chronik in Bildern, Berlin 2005, p. 70

LEGENDS AND FACTS

KARLSHORST AS A MUSEUM LOCATION

IMPRINT

Museum Berlin-Karlshorst
Director: Dr. Jörg Morré
Concept: Dr. Babette Quinkert
Curators: Margot Blank, Dr. Jörg Morré, Dr. Babette Quinkert
Exhibition graphics: Christine Kitta
Translation: Susan Giegerich