Women of Liberated Europe Through the Eyes of Soviet Soldiers and Officers (1944–1945)

 

Continuing the subject and supplementing Elena Senyavskaya’s article “The Red Army in Europe in 1945: Old and New Stereotypes of Perception in Russia and the West,” published on the site on 10 May 2012, we offer readers a new article by the same author, published in Uchenye zapiski Petrozavodskogo universiteta [Proceedings of Petrozavodsk University], May 2012, No. 3 (124), pp. 13–19.

 

Grigory Chukhray described such a case in Hungary in his memoirs. His unit was quartered in a small town. During a meal, the owners of the house where he and his men were staying “relaxed under the influence of Russian vodka and admitted that they were hiding their daughter in the attic.” The Soviet officers were indignant: “Who do you take us for? We are not fascists!” “The hosts were ashamed, and soon a thin girl named Mariyka appeared at the table and eagerly began to eat. After she became more at ease, she started flirting and even asking us questions… By the end of supper everyone was in a friendly mood and drank to ‘barátság’ (friendship). Mariyka understood the toast all too literally. When we went to bed, she appeared in my room wearing only a nightshirt. As a Soviet officer I immediately realised: a provocation was being prepared. ‘They expect me to be tempted by Mariyka’s charms and then they will raise a scandal. But I will not fall for the provocation,’ I thought. Besides, Mariyka’s charms did not attract me—I pointed her to the door.”

The next morning, while putting food on the table, the landlady banged the dishes around. “She is nervous. The provocation failed!” I thought. I shared this idea with our Hungarian interpreter. He burst out laughing.

“This was no provocation! They showed you friendly goodwill, and you rejected it. Now they do not consider you a man in this house. You need to move to another billet!”

“Then why were they hiding their daughter in the attic?”

“They were afraid of violence. Here it is customary for a girl, before marrying, with her parents’ approval, to experience intimacy with many men. We have a saying: you do not buy a cat in a tied sack…”[7]

Young, physically healthy men naturally felt attracted to women. But the ease of European morals corrupted some Soviet soldiers, while for others it reinforced the conviction that relations should not be reduced to mere physiology. Sergeant Alexander Rodin recorded his impressions after visiting—out of curiosity!—a brothel in Budapest, where his unit stayed for some time after the war ended: “…After leaving, I felt a disgusting, shameful sense of falsehood and pretence; I could not get out of my head the picture of the woman’s obvious, undisguised simulation… It is interesting that this unpleasant aftertaste from visiting a brothel remained not only with me, a youngster brought up on principles such as ‘do not give a kiss without love,’ but with most of the soldiers with whom I spoke… Around the same time I happened to speak with a pretty Hungarian girl (somehow she knew Russian). When she asked whether I liked Budapest, I answered that I did, except that the brothels troubled me. ‘But why?’ the girl asked. Because it is unnatural, savage, I explained: a woman takes money and immediately afterward begins to ‘love’! The girl thought for a while, then nodded in agreement and said: ‘You are right: taking the money in advance is not nice’…”[8]

Poland left different impressions. According to the poet David Samoilov, “…in Poland we were kept under strict discipline. It was difficult to slip away from the unit. And mischief was punished severely”[9]. He described his impressions of the country, where the beauty of Polish women was virtually the only positive feature. “I cannot say that we liked Poland very much,” he wrote. “At that time I encountered nothing there that seemed noble or chivalrous. On the contrary, everything was petty-bourgeois and provincial—both notions and interests. In eastern Poland they looked at us warily and half-hostilely, trying to extract from the liberators whatever they could. The women, however, were consolingly beautiful and coquettish; they captivated us with their manners and cooing speech, in which everything suddenly seemed understandable, and they themselves were sometimes captivated by rough masculine strength or a soldier’s uniform. And their pale, emaciated former admirers, grinding their teeth, withdrew into the shadows for the time being…”[10]

Not only Polish townswomen but also village women made a strong, though contradictory, impression. “What struck us was the love of life among Poles who had survived the horrors of war and German occupation,” recalled Alexander Rodin. “A Sunday in a Polish village. Beautiful, elegant Polish women in silk dresses and stockings, who on weekdays are ordinary peasant women—raking manure, barefoot, tirelessly doing farm work. Older women also look fresh and young. Although some have dark rings around their eyes…”[14] He then quotes his diary entry of 5 November 1944: “Sunday; everyone is dressed up. They visit one another. The men wear felt hats, ties, jumpers. The women wear silk dresses and bright, unworn stockings. Rosy-cheeked girls—‘panenki.’ Beautifully curled blond hairstyles… The soldiers in the corner of the hut are animated too. But anyone sensitive will notice that theirs is a painful liveliness. Everyone laughs loudly and excessively, to show that it means nothing to them, that it does not hurt and that they are not jealous at all. Are we any worse than they are? God knows what happiness peaceful life is! I scarcely saw any of it as a civilian!”[15] His fellow soldier, Sergeant Nikolai Nesterov, wrote in his diary the same day: “Today is a day off; the Poles, beautifully dressed, gather in one hut and sit in couples. It somehow makes me uncomfortable. Couldn’t I sit like that too?..”[16]

Far more merciless in her assessment of “European morals,” which reminded her of “a feast during the plague,” was servicewoman Galina Yartseva. On 24 February 1945 she wrote from the front to a friend: “…If there were a way, one could send wonderful parcels of their trophy things. There is plenty of stuff. It would help our barefoot and poorly dressed people. What cities I have seen, what men and women. And looking at them, such anger, such hatred takes hold of you! They stroll, love, live, while you march and liberate them. And they laugh at Russians—‘Schwein!’ Yes, yes! Scum… I love no one except the USSR, except the peoples who live among us. I do not believe in any friendship with Poles or other Lithuanians…”[17]

And then, at last, Germany. And the enemy’s women—the mothers, wives, daughters and sisters of those who from 1941 to 1944 had abused the civilian population in the occupied territories of the USSR. How did Soviet servicemen see them? Vladimir Bogomolov described the appearance of German women walking among refugees: “Women—old and young—in hats, scarves wound like turbans, or simply draped over the head as our old women wear them, in smart coats with fur collars and in worn, strangely cut clothing. Many women wear dark glasses so as not to squint in the bright May sun and thereby protect their faces from wrinkles…”[20] Lev Kopelev recalled meeting evacuated Berlin women in Allenstein: “Two women on the pavement. Elaborate hats, one even with a veil. Good-quality coats, and they themselves smooth and well cared for”[21]. He also recorded soldiers’ comments about them: “hens,” “turkeys,” “wouldn’t mind one as plump as that…”

How did German women behave when they encountered Soviet troops? In a report dated 30 April 1945 from Shikin, deputy head of the Main Political Directorate of the Red Army, to G. F. Alexandrov of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks), on the attitude of Berlin’s civilian population toward Red Army personnel, it was stated: “As soon as our units occupy one district or another of the city, residents gradually begin to come out into the streets; almost all of them wear white armbands. When they encounter our servicemen, many women raise their hands, cry and tremble with fear, but as soon as they become convinced that Red Army soldiers and officers are quite different from the way fascist propaganda depicted them, this fear quickly passes; more and more of the population comes out into the streets and offers its services, trying in every way to emphasise its loyal attitude toward the Red Army”[22].

What impressed the victors most was the submissiveness and calculation of German women. In this connection it is worth citing mortar man N. A. Orlov, who was struck by the behaviour of German women in 1945: “Nobody in the mortar battalion killed German civilians. Our special-department officer was a ‘Germanophile.’ If such a thing had happened, the punitive organs would have reacted quickly. As for violence against German women, I think some people, in telling about this phenomenon, somewhat ‘lay it on thick.’ I remember an example of a different kind. We entered some German town and were billeted in houses. A ‘Frau,’ about forty-five years old, appeared and asked for ‘Herr Kommandant.’ They brought her to Marchenko. She said she was responsible for the quarter and had gathered twenty German women for the sexual (!!!) servicing of Russian soldiers. Marchenko understood German, and I translated what the German woman had said for political officer Dolgoborodov, who was standing next to me. Our officers reacted angrily and with obscenities. The German woman was driven away together with her ‘detachment’ ready for service. In general, German submissiveness astonished us. We expected partisan warfare and sabotage from the Germans. But for this nation order—‘Ordnung’—is above everything. If you are the victor, they stand ‘on their hind legs’ before you, consciously and not under compulsion. That is their psychology…”[23]

David Samoilov describes a similar case in his wartime notes: “In Arendsfeld, where we had only just settled in, a small crowd of women with children appeared. They were led by an enormous moustached German woman of about fifty—Frau Friedrich. She stated that she represented the civilian population and asked us to register the remaining inhabitants. We replied that this could be done as soon as the commandant’s office arrived.

“‘That is impossible,’ Frau Friedrich said. ‘There are women and children here. They must be registered.’

“The civilians confirmed her words with cries and tears.

“Not knowing what to do, I suggested that they occupy the basement of the house in which we had settled. Reassured, they went down to the basement and began arranging themselves there to wait for the authorities.

“‘Herr Commissar,’ Frau Friedrich said to me good-naturedly (I was wearing a leather jacket). ‘We understand that soldiers have certain little needs. They are prepared,’ Frau Friedrich continued, ‘to provide several younger women for…’

“I did not continue the conversation with Frau Friedrich”[24].

After speaking with women in Berlin on 2 May 1945, Vladimir Bogomolov wrote in his diary: “We enter one of the surviving houses. Everything is quiet, dead. We knock and ask them to open. We can hear whispering in the corridor, muffled and agitated exchanges. At last the door opens. Women of indeterminate age, huddled in a tight group, bow fearfully, low and ingratiatingly. German women are afraid of us; they were told that Soviet soldiers, especially Asians, would rape and kill them… Fear and hatred are on their faces. But sometimes it seems that they like being defeated—their behaviour is so solicitous, their smiles so ingratiating and their words so sweet. These days stories circulate about how one of our soldiers entered a German apartment and asked for a drink, and the German woman, as soon as she saw him, lay down on the sofa and took off her tights”[25].

“All German women are depraved. They do not mind being slept with”[26]—this opinion circulated among Soviet troops and was reinforced not only by many visible examples but also by unpleasant consequences that military doctors soon detected.

Directive No. 00343/Sh of the Military Council of the 1st Belorussian Front dated 15 April 1945 stated: “During the troops’ stay on enemy territory, cases of venereal disease among servicemen have risen sharply. Study of the causes shows that venereal diseases are widespread among the Germans. Before retreating, and now on territory occupied by us, the Germans have taken to deliberately infecting German women with syphilis and gonorrhoea in order to create major centres for the spread of venereal diseases among Red Army servicemen”[27].

The Military Council of the 47th Army reported on 26 April 1945 that “…in March the number of venereal diseases among servicemen increased fourfold compared with February of this year… The female population of Germany in the districts examined is infected at a rate of 8–15%. There are cases in which the enemy deliberately leaves German women suffering from venereal diseases in order to infect servicemen”[28].

To implement Resolution No. 056 of the Military Council of the 1st Belorussian Front of 18 April 1945 on the prevention of venereal diseases among the troops, the 33rd Army issued a leaflet with the following text:

“Comrade servicemen!

“You are being tempted by German women whose husbands visited every brothel in Europe, became infected themselves and infected their German women.

“Before you are also those German women who have deliberately been left by the enemy to spread venereal disease and thereby put Red Army soldiers out of action.

“You must understand that our victory over the enemy is near and that soon you will have the opportunity to return to your families.

“With what eyes will a man who brings home an infectious disease look into the eyes of his loved ones?

“Can we, soldiers of the heroic Red Army, be a source of infectious disease in our country? NO! For the moral image of a Red Army soldier must be as pure as the image of his Motherland and his family!”[29]

What concerned practical-minded Germans above all was food supply, and for its sake they were literally prepared to do anything. Thus a certain doctor of medicine named Kalisturkh, speaking with colleagues about the Red Army’s attitude toward the German population, stated: “It cannot be concealed that I personally saw individual Russian soldiers behave badly toward our women, but I said that war was to blame, and most importantly that our soldiers, and especially the SS, behaved much worse toward Russian women.” And then, without any transition, he added: “The food question worried me very much…”[30]

Even in the memoirs of Lev Kopelev, who angrily describes acts of violence and looting by Soviet servicemen in East Prussia, there are lines reflecting another side of “relations” with the local population: “People told of the submissiveness, servility and ingratiation of the Germans: look at them, for a loaf of bread they sell their wives and daughters”[31]. The disgusted tone in which Kopelev transmits these “stories” implies that he considered them unreliable. Yet they are confirmed by many sources.

Vladimir Gelfand described in his diary his courtship of a German girl (the entry was written half a year after the war ended, on 26 October 1945, but is nevertheless highly characteristic): “I wanted to enjoy the caresses of pretty Margot to the full—kisses and embraces alone were not enough. I expected more, but did not dare demand or insist. The girl’s mother was pleased with me. Of course she was! On the altar of trust and goodwill from her relatives I had sacrificed sweets and butter, sausage, expensive German cigarettes. Even half of these products would be enough to give one every basis and right to do whatever one wanted with the daughter in front of her mother’s eyes, and the mother would not say a word against it. For food today is dearer even than life, even the life of such a young and sweet sensual creature as the tender beauty Margot”[32].

The Australian war correspondent Osmar White left interesting diary notes. In 1944–1945 he was in Europe with General George Patton’s U.S. Third Army. This is what he wrote in Berlin in May 1945, literally only days after the end of the assault: “I made the rounds of the night cabarets, beginning with the Femina near Potsdamer Platz. It was a warm, damp evening. The air smelled of sewage and decaying corpses. The façade of the Femina was covered with futuristic pictures of nudes and notices in four languages. The dance hall and restaurant were filled with Russian, British and American officers accompanied by women (or hunting for them). A bottle of wine cost $25, a horsemeat-and-potato hamburger $10, and a packet of American cigarettes an astonishing $20. The cheeks of the Berlin women were rouged and their lips painted as though Hitler had won the war. Many women wore silk stockings. The hostess opened the entertainment in German, Russian, English and French. This provoked a quip from the Russian artillery captain sitting beside me. He leaned over and said in decent English: ‘Such a rapid transition from the national to the international! RAF bombs are excellent professors, are they not?’”[33]

Czech beauties, who joyfully welcomed Soviet soldiers as liberators, left a pleasant impression. Embarrassed tank crews standing on combat vehicles covered in oil and dust and decorated with wreaths and flowers said among themselves: “…A tank is not a bride to be decorated. But their girls keep hanging things on it. Good people. I have not seen such warm-hearted people for a long time…” The friendliness and hospitality of the Czechs were sincere. “‘If it were possible, I would kiss every soldier and officer of the Red Army for liberating my Prague,’ a Prague tram worker said amid general laughter and approval”[36]. This is how Boris Polevoy described the atmosphere in the liberated Czech capital and the mood of local residents on 11 May 1945.

But in the other countries through which the victorious army passed, the female population did not inspire respect. “In Europe women surrendered, betrayed first of all…” wrote B. Slutsky. “I was always shocked, confused and disoriented by the ease—the shameful ease—of love affairs. Respectable women, undoubtedly without mercenary motives, resembled prostitutes through their hurried accessibility, their desire to skip the intermediate stages, their lack of interest in the motives driving a man toward intimacy. Like people who had learned only three obscene words from the entire vocabulary of love lyrics, they reduced the whole matter to a few bodily movements, provoking resentment and contempt even among the greenest of our officers… The restraining motives were not ethics at all, but fear of infection, fear of publicity, fear of pregnancy”[37]. He added that under conditions of conquest, “general corruption covered and concealed specifically female corruption, made it invisible and shameless”[38].

Among the motives that encouraged the spread of “international love,” despite all the prohibitions and strict orders of the Soviet command, there were several others: women’s curiosity about “exotic” lovers and the unprecedented generosity of Russians toward the objects of their affection, which favourably distinguished them from thrifty European men.

Junior Lieutenant Daniil Zlatkin found himself in Denmark, on the island of Bornholm, at the very end of the war. In an interview he said that the interest between Russian men and European women was mutual: “We had not seen women, and we needed to… And when we arrived in Denmark… it was free, please. They wanted to check, to experience, to try a Russian man—what is he, what is it like—and it seemed to turn out better than with the Danes. Why? We were unselfish and kind… I gave a box of chocolates as big as half a table, I gave one hundred roses to a woman I did not know… for her birthday…”[39]

At the same time, few thought of serious relationships or marriage, because the Soviet leadership had clearly stated its position on this issue. A resolution of the Military Council of the 4th Ukrainian Front dated 12 April 1945 stated: “1. Explain to all officers and all personnel of the front troops that marriage with foreign women is illegal and categorically prohibited. 2. Report immediately through the chain of command all cases of servicemen marrying foreign women, as well as contacts between our people and hostile elements of foreign states, so that those responsible may be held accountable for loss of vigilance and violation of Soviet laws”[40].

A directive from the head of the Political Directorate of the 1st Belorussian Front dated 14 April 1945 stated: “According to the head of the Main Personnel Directorate of the People’s Commissariat of Defence, the Centre continues to receive requests from officers in the active army asking for permission to marry women from foreign states (Polish, Bulgarian, Czech women, etc.). Such cases should be regarded as a dulling of vigilance and patriotic feeling. Therefore political-educational work must pay attention to a thorough explanation of the inadmissibility of such acts by Red Army officers. Explain to all officers who do not understand the lack of prospects for such marriages the inadvisability of marrying foreign women, up to and including an outright prohibition, and permit not a single case”[41].

The women did not deceive themselves about the intentions of their suitors. “At the beginning of 1945 even the stupidest Hungarian peasant girls no longer believed our promises. European women already knew that we were forbidden to marry foreigners, and suspected that there was also a similar order against appearing together in a restaurant, cinema, and so on. This did not prevent them from loving our Don Juans, but it gave that love a purely ‘oedumic’ [carnal] character”[42], wrote B. Slutsky.

Overall, it must be acknowledged that the image of European women formed among Red Army soldiers in 1944–1945, with rare exceptions, was very far from the suffering figure with chained hands gazing hopefully from the Soviet poster “Europe Will Be Free!”

Notes

[1] Slutsky B. Notes on the War. Poems and Ballads. St Petersburg, 2000, p. 174.
[2] Ibid., pp. 46–48.
[3] Ibid., pp. 46–48.
[4] Smolnikov F. M. We Are Fighting! Diary of a Front-Line Soldier. Letters from the Front. Moscow, 2000, pp. 228–229.
[5] Slutsky B., op. cit., pp. 110, 107.
[6] Ibid., p. 177.
[7] Chukhray G. My War. Moscow: Algoritm, 2001, pp. 258–259.
[8] Rodin A. Three Thousand Kilometres in the Saddle. Diaries. Moscow, 2000, p. 127.
[9] Samoilov D. “People of One Variant. From Wartime Notes,” Aurora, 1990, No. 2, p. 67.
[10] Ibid., pp. 70–71.
[11] Gelfand V. N. Diaries 1941–1946. http://militera.lib.ru/db/gelfand_vn/05.html
[12] Ibid.
[13] Ibid.
[14] Rodin A. Three Thousand Kilometres in the Saddle. Diaries. Moscow, 2000, p. 110.
[15] Ibid., pp. 122–123.
[16] Ibid., p. 123.
[17] Central Archive of the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation. Fond 372, Opis 6570, File 76, fol. 86.
[18] Slutsky B., op. cit., p. 125.
[19] Ibid., pp. 127–128.
[20] Bogomolov V. O. “Germany, Berlin. Spring 1945,” in Bogomolov V. O. My Life, or Did I Dream You?.. Moscow: Nash sovremennik, Nos. 10–12, 2005; No. 1, 2006. http://militera.lib.ru/prose/russian/bogomolov_vo/03.html
[21] Kopelev L. To Be Preserved Forever. In 2 vols. Vol. 1, Parts 1–4. Moscow: Terra, 2004, ch. 11. http://lib.rus.ec/b/137774/read#t15
[22] Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History (RGASPI), Fond 17, Opis 125, File 321, fols. 10–12.
[23] From an interview with N. A. Orlov on the “I Remember” website. http://www.iremember.ru/minometchiki/orlov-naum-aronovich/stranitsa-6.html
[24] Samoilov D., op. cit., p. 88.
[25] Bogomolov V. O. My Life, or Did I Dream You?.. Nash sovremennik, 2005, Nos. 10–12; 2006, No. 1. http://militera.lib.ru/prose/russian/bogomolov_vo/03.html
[26] From a political report on communicating Comrade Stalin’s Directive No. 11072 of 20 April 1945 to the personnel of the 185th Rifle Division, 26 April 1945. Cited in Bogomolov V. O., op. cit. http://militera.lib.ru/prose/russian/bogomolov_vo/02.html
[27] Cited in Bogomolov V. O., op. cit. http://militera.lib.ru/prose/russian/bogomolov_vo/02.html
[28] Ibid.
[29] Ibid.
[30] State Archive of the Russian Federation, Fond R-9401, Opis 2, File 96, fol. 203.
[31] Kopelev L., op. cit., ch. 12. http://lib.rus.ec/b/137774/read#t15
[32] Gelfand V. N., op. cit.
[33] White, Osmar. Conquerors’ Road: An Eyewitness Account of Germany 1945. Cambridge University Press, 2003 [1996]. XVII, 221 pp. http://www.argo.net.au/andre/osmarwhite.html
[34] Slutsky B., op. cit., p. 99.
[35] Ibid., p. 71.
[36] Polevoy B. “The Liberation of Prague,” in From the Soviet Information Bureau… Journalism and Essays of the War Years, 1941–1945. Vol. 2, 1943–1945. Moscow: APN Publishing House, 1982, p. 439.
[37] Ibid., pp. 177–178.
[38] Ibid., p. 180.
[39] From an interview with D. F. Zlatkin, 16 June 1997, private archive.
[40] Cited in Bogomolov V. O., op. cit. http://militera.lib.ru/prose/russian/bogomolov_vo/04.html
[41] Ibid.
[42] Slutsky B., op. cit., pp. 180–181.
 

The article was prepared with financial support from the Russian Foundation for the Humanities, project No. 11-01-00363a.

The design uses the 1944 Soviet poster “Europe Will Be Free!” Artist: V. Koretsky.

Uchenye zapiski Petrozavodskogo universiteta, May 2012, No. 3 (124), pp. 13–19.

Elena Senyavskaya — Doctor of Historical Sciences, leading research fellow at the Institute of Russian History of the Russian Academy of Sciences, professor in the Department of Contemporary Russian History at the Russian State University for the Humanities, laureate of the State Prize of the Russian Federation, full member of the Academy of Military Sciences.

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    Expressen Kultur "Det totalitära arvet"

    Allehanda "Rysk soldatdagbok om den grymma slutstriden"

    Ryska Posten "Till försvar för fakta och anständighet"

    Hugin & Munin "En rödarmist i Tyskland"

    Theater "Das deutsch-russische Soldatenwörtebuch"/Театр "Русско-немецкий солдатский разговорник"

    SWR2 Radio "Journal am Mittag"

    Berliner Zeitung "Dem Krieg den Krieg erklären"

    Die Tageszeitung "Mach's noch einmal, Iwan!"

    The book of Paul Steege "Black Market, Cold War: Everyday Life in Berlin, 1946-1949"

    Телеканал РТР Культура "Русско-немецкий солдатский разговорник"

    Аргументы и факты "Есть ли правда у войны?"

    RT "Russian-German soldier's phrase-book on stage in Moscow"

    Утро.ru "Контурная карта великой войны"

    Коммерсантъ "Языковой окоп"

    Телеканал РТР Культура "Широкий формат с Ириной Лесовой"

    Museum Berlin-Karlshorst "Das Haus in Karlshorst. Geschichte am Ort der Kapitulation"

    Das Buch von Roland Thimme "Rote Fahnen über Potsdam 1933 - 1989: Lebenswege und Tagebücher"

    Das Buch von Bernd Vogenbeck, Juliane Tomann, Magda Abraham-Diefenbach: "Terra Transoderana: Zwischen Neumark und Ziemia Lubuska"

    Das Buch von Sven Reichardt & Malte Zierenberg "Damals nach dem Krieg Eine Geschichte Deutschlands - 1945 bis 1949"

    Lothar Gall & Barbara Blessing "Historische Zeitschrift Register zu Band 276 (2003) bis 285 (2007)"

    Wyborcza.pl "Kłopotliwy pomnik w mieście z trudną historią"

    Kollektives Gedächtnis "Erinnerungen an meine Cousine Dora aus Königsberg"

    Das Buch von Ingeborg Jacobs: "Freiwild: Das Schicksal deutscher Frauen 1945"

    Wyborcza.pl "Strącona gwiazda wdzięczności"

    Закон i Бiзнес "Двічі по двісті - суд честі"

    Радио Свобода "Красная армия. Встреча с Европой"

    DEP "Stupri sovietici in Germania /1944-45/"

    Дніпропетровський національний історичний музей ім. Яворницького "Музей і відвідувач: методичні розробки, сценарії, концепції. Листи з 43-го"

    Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History "The Intelligentsia Meets the Enemy: Educated Soviet Officers in Defeated Germany, 1945"

    DAMALS "Deutschland-Tagebuch 1945-1946. Gedankenwelt des Siegers"

    Das Buch von Pauline de Bok: "Blankow oder Das Verlangen nach Heimat"

    Das Buch von Ingo von Münch: "Frau, komm!": die Massenvergewaltigungen deutscher Frauen und Mädchen 1944/45"

    Das Buch von Roland Thimme: "Schwarzmondnacht: Authentische Tagebücher berichten (1933-1953). Nazidiktatur - Sowjetische Besatzerwillkür"

    История государства "Миф о миллионах изнасилованных немок"

    Das Buch Alexander Häusser, Gordian Maugg: "Hungerwinter: Deutschlands humanitäre Katastrophe 1946/47"

    Heinz Schilling: "Jahresberichte für deutsche Geschichte: Neue Folge. 60. Jahrgang 2008"

    Jan M. Piskorski "WYGNAŃCY: Migracje przymusowe i uchodźcy w dwudziestowiecznej Europie"

    Wayne State "The Cultural Memory Of German Victimhood In Post-1990 Popular German Literature And Television"

    Deutschlandradio "Heimat ist dort, wo kein Hass ist"

    Journal of Cold War Studies "Wladimir Gelfand, Deutschland-Tagebuch 1945–1946: Aufzeichnungen eines Rotarmisten"

    ЛЕХАИМ "Евреи на войне. Солдатские дневники"

    Частный Корреспондент "Победа благодаря и вопреки"

    Перспективы "Сексуальное насилие в годы Второй мировой войны: память, дискурс, орудие политики"

    Радиостанция Эхо Москвы & RTVi "Не так" с Олегом Будницким: Великая Отечественная - солдатские дневники"

    Books Llc "Person im Zweiten Weltkrieg /Sowjetunion/ Georgi Konstantinowitsch Schukow, Wladimir Gelfand, Pawel Alexejewitsch Rotmistrow"

    Das Buch von Jan Musekamp: "Zwischen Stettin und Szczecin - Metamorphosen einer Stadt von 1945 bis 2005"

    Encyclopedia of safety "Ladies liberated Europe in the eyes of Russian soldiers and officers (1944-1945 gg.)"

    Азовские греки "Павел Тасиц"

    Newsland "СМЯТЕНИЕ ГРОЗНОЙ ОСЕНИ 1941 ГОДА"

    Wallstein "Demokratie im Schatten der Gewalt: Geschichten des Privaten im deutschen Nachkrieg"

    Вестник РГГУ "Болезненная тема второй мировой войны: сексуальное насилие по обе стороны фронта"

    Das Buch von Jürgen W. Schmidt: "Als die Heimat zur Fremde wurde"

    ЛЕХАИМ "Евреи на войне: от советского к еврейскому?"

    Gedenkstätte/ Museum Seelower Höhen "Die Schlacht"

    The book of Frederick Taylor "Exorcising Hitler: The Occupation and Denazification of Germany"

    Огонёк "10 дневников одной войны"

    The book of Michael Jones "Total War: From Stalingrad to Berlin"

    Das Buch von Frederick Taylor "Zwischen Krieg und Frieden: Die Besetzung und Entnazifizierung Deutschlands 1944-1946"

    WordPress.com "Wie sind wir Westler alt und überklug - und sind jetzt doch Schmutz unter ihren Stiefeln"

    Олег Будницкий: "Архив еврейской истории" Том 6. "Дневники"

    Åke Sandin "Är krigets våldtäkter en myt?"

    Michael Jones: "El trasfondo humano de la guerra: con el ejército soviético de Stalingrado a Berlín"

    Das Buch von Jörg Baberowski: "Verbrannte Erde: Stalins Herrschaft der Gewalt"

    Zeitschrift fur Geschichtswissenschaft "Gewalt im Militar. Die Rote Armee im Zweiten Weltkrieg"

    Ersatz-[E-bok] "Tysk dagbok 1945-46"

    The book of Michael David-Fox, Peter Holquist, Alexander M. Martin: "Fascination and Enmity: Russia and Germany as Entangled Histories, 1914-1945"

    Елена Сенявская "Женщины освобождённой Европы глазами советских солдат и офицеров (1944-1945 гг.)"

    The book of Raphaelle Branche, Fabrice Virgili: "Rape in Wartime (Genders and Sexualities in History)"

    (סקירה צבאית נשים של אירופה המשוחררת דרך עיניהם של חיילים וקצינים סובייטים (1944-1945

    БезФорматаРу "Хоть бы скорей газетку прочесть"

    ВЕСТНИК "Проблемы реадаптации студентов-фронтовиков к учебному процессу после Великой Отечественной войны"

    Zeitschrift für Geschichtswissenschaft 60 (2012), 12

    Все лечится "10 миллионов изнасилованных немок"

    Симха "Еврейский Марк Твен. Так называли Шолома Рабиновича, известного как Шолом-Алейхем"

    Nicolas Bernard "La Guerre germano-soviétique: 1941-1945 (Histoires d'aujourd'hui) E-Book"

    Annales "La perte, le don, le butin. Civilisation stalinienne, aide étrangère et biens trophées dans l’Union soviétique des années 1940"

    Das Buch von Beata Halicka "Polens Wilder Westen. Erzwungene Migration und die kulturelle Aneignung des Oderraums 1945 - 1948"

    Das Buch von Jan M. Piskorski "Die Verjagten: Flucht und Vertreibung im Europa des 20. Jahrhundert"

    "آسو "دشمن هرگز در نمی‌زن

    Уроки истории. ХХ век. Гефтер. "Антисемитизм в СССР во время Второй мировой войны в контексте холокоста"

    Ella Janatovsky "The Crystallization of National Identity in Times of War: The Experience of a Soviet Jewish Soldier"

    Word War II Multimedia Database "Borgward Panzerjager At The Reichstag"

    Militaergeschichtliche Zeitschrift "Buchbesprechungen"

    Всеукраинский еженедельник Украина-Центр "Рукописи не горят"

    Ljudbok / Bok / eBok: Niclas Sennerteg "Nionde arméns undergång: Kampen om Berlin 1945"

    Das Buch von Michaela Kipp: "Großreinemachen im Osten: Feindbilder in deutschen Feldpostbriefen im Zweiten Weltkrieg"

    Петербургская газета "Женщины на службе в Третьем Рейхе"

    Володимир Поліщук "Зроблено в Єлисаветграді"

    Германо-российский музей Берлин-Карлсхорст. Каталог постоянной экспозиции/Katalog zur Dauerausstellung

    Clarissa Schnabel "The life and times of Marta Dietschy-Hillers"

    Alliance for Human Research Protection "Breaking the Silence about sexual violence against women during the Holocaust"

    Еврейский музей и центр толерантности. Группа по работе с архивными документами

    Эхо Москвы "ЦЕНА ПОБЕДЫ: Военный дневник лейтенанта Владимира Гельфанда"

    Bok / eBok: Anders Bergman & Emelie Perland "365 dagar: Utdrag ur kända och okända dagböcker"

    РИА Новости "Освободители Германии"

    Das Buch von Miriam Gebhardt "Als die Soldaten kamen: Die Vergewaltigung deutscher Frauen am Ende des Zweiten Weltkriegs"

    Petra Tabarelli "Vladimir Gelfand"

    Das Buch von Martin Stein "Die sowjetische Kriegspropaganda 1941 - 1945 in Ego-Dokumenten"

    Książka Beata Halicka "Polski Dziki Zachód. Przymusowe migracje i kulturowe oswajanie Nadodrza 1945-1948"

    The German Quarterly "Philomela’s Legacy: Rape, the Second World War, and the Ethics of Reading"

    MAZ LOKAL "Archäologische Spuren der Roten Armee in Brandenburg"

    Tenona "Как фашисты издевались над детьми в концлагере Саласпилс. Чудовищные исторические факты о концлагерях"

    Deutsches Historisches Museum "1945 – Niederlage. Befreiung. Neuanfang. Zwölf Länder Europas nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg"

    День за днем "Дневник лейтенанта Гельфанда"

    BBC News "The rape of Berlin"/BBC Mundo/BBC O`zbek/BBC Brasil/BBC فارْسِى

    Echo24.cz "Z deníku rudoarmějce: Probodneme je skrz genitálie"

    The Telegraph "The truth behind The Rape of Berlin"

    BBC World Service "The Rape of Berlin"

    ParlamentniListy.cz "Mrzačení, znásilňování, to všechno jsme dělali. Český server připomíná drsné paměti sovětského vojáka"

    WordPress.com "Termina a Batalha de Berlim"

    Dnevnik.hr "Podignula je suknju i kazala mi: 'Spavaj sa mnom. Čini što želiš! Ali samo ti"

    ilPOST "Gli stupri in Germania, 70 anni fa"

    上海东方报业有限公司 70年前苏军强奸了十万柏林妇女？很多人仍在寻找真相

    연합뉴스 "BBC: 러시아군, 2차대전때 독일에서 대규모 강간"

    세계일보 "러시아군, 2차대전때 독일에서 대규모 강간"

    Telegraf "SPOMENIK RUSKOM SILOVATELJU: Nemci bi da preimenuju istorijsko zdanje u Berlinu?"

    Múlt-kor "A berlini asszonyok küzdelme a szovjet erőszaktevők ellen"

    Noticiasbit.com "El drama oculto de las violaciones masivas durante la caída de Berlín"

    Museumsportal Berlin "Landsberger Allee 563, 21. April 1945"

    Caldeirão Político "70 anos após fim da guerra, estupro coletivo de alemãs ainda é episódio pouco conhecido"

    Nuestras Charlas Nocturnas "70 aniversario del fin de la II Guerra Mundial: del horror nazi al terror rojo en Alemania"

    W Radio "El drama oculto de las violaciones masivas durante la caída de Berlín"

    La Tercera "BBC: El drama oculto de las violaciones masivas durante la caída de Berlín"

    Noticias de Paraguay "El drama de las alemanas violadas por tropas soviéticas hacia el final de la Segunda Guerra Mundial"

    Cnn Hit New "The drama hidden mass rape during the fall of Berlin"

    Dân Luận "Trần Lê - Hồng quân, nỗi kinh hoàng của phụ nữ Berlin 1945"

    Český rozhlas "Temná stránka sovětského vítězství: znásilňování Němek"

    Historia "Cerita Kelam Perempuan Jerman Setelah Nazi Kalah Perang"

    G'Le Monde "Nỗi kinh hoàng của phụ nữ Berlin năm 1945 mang tên Hồng Quân"

    BBC News 코리아 "베를린에서 벌어진 대규모 강간"

    Эхо Москвы "Дилетанты. Красная армия в Европе"

    Der Freitag "Eine Schnappschussidee"

    باز آفريني واقعيت ها "تجاوز در برلین"

    Quadriculado "O Fim da Guerra e o início do Pesadelo. Duas narrativas sobre o inferno"

    Majano Gossip "PER NON DIMENTICARE... LE PORCHERIE COMUNISTE!"

    非中国日报网 "柏林的强奸"

    Constantin Film "Anonyma - Eine Frau in Berlin. Materialien zum Film"

    Русская Германия "Я прижал бедную маму к своему сердцу и долго утешал"

    De Gruyter Oldenbourg "Erinnerung an Diktatur und Krieg. Brennpunkte des kulturellen Gedächtnisses zwischen Russland und Deutschland seit 1945"

    Memuarist.com "Гельфанд Владимир Натанович"

    Πανεπιστημίου Ιωαννίνων "Οι νόμοι του Πλάτωνα για την υβριστική κακολογία και την κατάχρηση του δημοσίου"

    The Book of Nicholas Stargardt "Der deutsche Krieg: 1939 - 1945"/Николас Старгардт "Мобилизованная нация. Германия 1939–1945"

    FAKEOFF "Оглянуться в прошлое"

    The book of Nicholas Stargardt "The German War: A Nation Under Arms, 1939–45"

    The book of Nicholas Stargardt "The German War: A Nation Under Arms, 1939–45"

    Книга "Владимир Гельфанд. Дневник 1941 - 1946"

    BBC Русская служба "Изнасилование Берлина: неизвестная история войны"/BBC Україна "Зґвалтування Берліна: невідома історія війни"

    Virtual Azərbaycan "Berlinin zorlanması"

    Гефтер "Олег Будницкий: «Дневник, приятель дорогой!» Военный дневник Владимира Гельфанда"

    Гефтер "Владимир Гельфанд. Дневник 1942 года"

    BBC Tiếng Việt "Lính Liên Xô 'hãm hiếp phụ nữ Đức'"

    Nicolas Bernard "La Guerre germano-soviétique, 1941-1943" Tome 1"

    Nicolas Bernard "La Guerre germano-soviétique, 1943-1945" Tome 2

    Эхо Москвы "ЦЕНА ПОБЕДЫ: Дневники лейтенанта Гельфанда"

    Renato Furtado "Soviéticos estupraram 2 milhões de mulheres alemãs, durante a Guerra Mundial"

    Вера Дубина "«Обыкновенная история» Второй мировой войны: дискурсы сексуального насилия над женщинами оккупированных территорий"

    Еврейский музей и центр толерантности "Презентация книги Владимира Гельфанда «Дневник 1941-1946»"

    Еврейский музей и центр толерантности "Евреи в Великой Отечественной войне"

    Сидякин & Би-Би-Си. Драма в трех действиях. "Атака"

    Сидякин & Би-Би-Си. Драма в трех действиях. "Бой"

    Сидякин & Би-Би-Си. Драма в трех действиях. "Победа"

    Сидякин & Би-Би-Си. Драма в трех действиях. Эпилог

    Труд "Покорность и отвага: кто кого?"

    Издательский Дом «Новый Взгляд» "Выставка подвига"

    Katalog NT "Выставка "Евреи в Великой Отечественной войне " - собрание уникальных документов"

    Вести "Выставка "Евреи в Великой Отечественной войне" - собрание уникальных документов"

    Радио Свобода "Бесценный графоман"

    Вечерняя Москва "Еще раз о войне"

    РИА Новости "Выставка про евреев во время ВОВ открывается в Еврейском музее"

    Телеканал «Культура» Выставка "Евреи в Великой Отечественной войне" проходит в Москве

    Россия HD "Вести в 20.00"

    GORSKIE "В Москве открылась выставка "Евреи в Великой Отечественной войне"

    Aгентство еврейских новостей "Евреи – герои войны"

    STMEGI TV "Открытие выставки "Евреи в Великой Отечественной войне"

    Национальный исследовательский университет ВыUSAя школа экономики "Открытие выставки "Евреи в Великой Отечественной войне"

    Независимая газета "Война Абрама"

    Revista de Historia "El lado oscuro de la victoria aliada en la Segunda Guerra Mundial"

    עיתון סינאתלה גביש הסמל ולדימיר גלפנד מספר על חיי היומיום במלחמה , על אורח חיים בחזית ובעורף

    Лехаим "Война Абрама"

    Elhallgatva "A front emlékezete. A Vörös Hadsereg kötelékében tömegesen és fiatalkorúakon elkövetett nemi erőszak kérdése a Dél-Vértesben"

    Libertad USA "El drama de las alemanas: violadas por tropas soviéticas en 1945 y violadas por inmigrantes musulmanes en 2016"

    НГ Ex Libris "Пять книг недели"

    Брестский Курьер "Фамильное древо Бреста. На перекрестках тех дорог…"

    Полит.Ру "ProScience: Олег Будницкий о народной истории войны"

    Олена Проскура "Запiзнiла сповiдь"

    Полит.Ру "ProScience: Возможна ли научная история Великой Отечественной войны?"

    Книга "Владимир Гельфанд. Дневник 1941 - 1946"

    Ahlul Bait Nabi Saw "Kisah Kelam Perempuan Jerman Setelah Nazi Kalah Perang"

    北京北晚新视觉传媒有限公司 "70年前苏军强奸了十万柏林妇女？"

    Преподавание истории в школе "«О том, что происходило…» Дневник Владимира Гельфанда"

    Вестник НГПУ "О «НЕУБЕДИТЕЛЬНЕЙШЕЙ» ИЗ ПОМЕТ: (Высокая лексика в толковых словарях русского языка XX-XXI вв.)"

    Fotografias da História "Memórias esquecidas: o estupro coletivo das mulheres alemãs"

    Archäologisches Landesmuseum Brandenburg "Zwischen Krieg und Frieden"/"Между войной и миром"

    Российская газета "Там, где кончается война"

    Народный Корреспондент "Женщины освобождённой Европы глазами советских солдат: правда про "2 миллиона изнасилованых немок"

    Fiona "Военные изнасилования — преступления против жизни и личности"

    军情观察室 "苏军攻克柏林后暴行妇女遭殃，战争中的强奸现象为什么频发？"

    Независимая газета "Дневник минометчика"

    Независимая газета "ИСПОДЛОБЬЯ: Кризис концепции"

    East European Jewish Affairs "Jewish response to the non-Jewish question: “Where were the Jews during the fighting?” 1941–5"

    Niels Bo Poulsen "Skæbnekamp: Den tysk-sovjetiske krig 1941-1945"

    Olhar Atual "A Esquerda a história e o estupro"

    The book of Stefan-Ludwig Hoffmann, Sandrine Kott, Peter Romijn, Olivier Wieviorka "Seeking Peace in the Wake of War: Europe, 1943-1947"

    Walter de Gruyter "Germans into Allies: Writing a Diary in 1945"

    Blog in Berlin "22. Juni – da war doch was?"

    Steemit "Berlin Rape: The Hidden History of War"

    Estudo Prático "Crimes de estupro na Segunda Guerra Mundial e dentro do exército americano"

    Громадське радіо "Насильство над жінками під час бойових дій — табу для України"

    InfoRadio RBB "Geschichte in den Wäldern Brandenburgs"

    "شگفتی های تاریخ است "پشت پرده تجاوز به زنان برلینی در پایان جنگ جهانی دوم

    Das Buch Hans-Jürgen Beier gewidmet "Lehren – Sammeln – Publizieren"

    The book of Miriam Gebhardt "Crimes Unspoken: The Rape of German Women at the End of the Second World War"

    Русскийвестник "Искажение истории: «Изнасилованная Германия»"

    凯迪 "推荐《柏林女人》与《五月四日》影片"

    Vix "Estupro de guerra: o que acontece com mulheres em zonas de conflito, como Aleppo?"

    Universidad del Bío-Bío "CRÍMENES DE GUERRA RUSOS EN LA SEGUNDA GUERRA MUNDIAL (1940-1945)"

    "المنصة "العنف ضد المرأة.. المسكوت عنه في الحرب العالمية الثانية

    Книга. Олег Шеин "От Астраханского кремля до Рейхсканцелярии. Боевой путь 248-й стрелковой дивизии"

    Cambridge University Press "Of Loss and Loot: Stalin-Era Culture, Foreign Aid, and Trophy Goods in the Soviet Union during the 1940s"

    Sodaz Ot "Освободительная миссия Красной Армии и кривое зеркало вражеской пропаганды"

    Sodaz Ot "Советский воин — освободитель Европы: психология и поведение на завершающем этапе войны"

    企业头条 "柏林战役后的女人"

    Sántha István "A front emlékezete"

    腾讯公司 "二战时期欧洲, 战胜国对战败国的十万妇女是怎么处理的!"

    El Nuevo Accion "QUE LE PREGUNTEN A LAS ALEMANAS VIOLADAS POR RUSOS, NORTEAMERICANOS, INGLESES Y FRANCESES"

    Periodismo Libre "QUE LE PREGUNTEN A LAS ALEMANAS VIOLADAS POR RUSOS, NORTEAMERICANOS, INGLESES Y FRANCESES"

    DE Y.OBIDIN "Какими видели европейских женщин советские солдаты и офицеры (1944-1945 годы)?"

    Magyar Tudományos Akadémia "Váltóállítás: Diktatúrák a vidéki Magyarországon 1945-ben"

    歷史錄 "近1萬女性被強姦致死，女孩撩開裙子說：不下20個男人戳我這兒"

    Cyberpedia "Проблема возмездия и «границы ненависти» у советского солдата-освободителя"

    NewConcepts Society "Можно ли ставить знак равенства между зверствами гитлеровцев и зверствами советских солдат?"

    搜狐 "二战时期欧洲，战胜国对战败国的妇女是怎么处理的"

    Ranker "14 Shocking Atrocities Committed By 20th Century Communist Dictatorships"

    Эхо Москвы "Дилетанты. Начало войны. Личные источники"

    Журнал "Огонёк" "Эго прошедшей войны"

    이창남 외 공저 "폭력과 소통 :트랜스내셔널한 정의를 위하여"

    Уроки истории. XX век "Книжный дайджест «Уроков истории»: советский антисемитизм"

    Свободная Пресса "Кто кого насиловал в Германии"

    EPrints "Взаємовідносини червоноармійців з цивільним населенням під час перебування радянських військ на території Польщі (кінець 1944 - початок 1945 рр.)"

    Pikabu "Обратная сторона медали"

    Озёрск.Ru "Война и немцы"

    Імекс-ЛТД "Історичний календар Кіровоградщини на 2018 рік. Люди. Події. Факти"

    יד ושם - רשות הזיכרון לשואה ולגבורה "Vladimir Gelfand"

    Atchuup! "Soviet soldiers openly sexually harass German woman in Leipzig after WWII victory, 1945"

    Книга Мириам Гебхардт "Когда пришли солдаты. Изнасилование немецких женщин в конце Второй мировой войны"

    Coffe Time "Женщины освобождённой"

    Дилетант "Цена победы. Военный дневник лейтенанта Владимира Гельфанда"

    Feldgrau.Info - Bоенная история "Подборка"

    Вечерний Брест "В поисках утраченного времени. Солдат Победы Аркадий Бляхер. Часть 9. Нелюбовь"

    Геннадий Красухин "Круглый год с литературой. Квартал четвёртый"

    Аргументы недели "Всю правду знает только народ. Почему фронтовые дневники совсем не похожи на кино о войне"

    Fanfics.me "Вспомним подвиги ветеранов!"

    VietInfo "Hồng quân, Nỗi kinh hoàng của phụ nữ Berlin năm 1945"

    Книга: Виталий Дымарский, Владимир Рыжков "Лица войны"

    Birthe Kundrus "Dieser Krieg ist der große Rassenkrieg": Krieg und Holocaust in Europa

    Dozor "Про День Перемоги в Кіровограді, фейкових ветеранів і "липове" примирення"

    East European Jewish Affairs "Review of Dnevnik 1941-1946, by Vladimir Gel’fand"

    The book of Harriet Murav, Gennady Estraikh "Soviet Jews in World War II: Fighting, Witnessing, Remembering"

    TARINGA! "Las violaciones masivas durante la caída de Berlín"

    ВолиньPost "Еротика та війна: спогади про Любомль 1944 року"

    Anews "Молодые воспринимают войну в конфетном обличии"

    RTVi "«Война эта будет дикая». Что писали 22 июня 1941 года в дневниках"

    Tribun Manado "Nasib Kelam Perempuan Jerman Usai Nazi Kalah, Gadis Muda, Wanita Tua dan Hamil Diperkosa Bergantian"

    The book of Elisabeth Krimmer "German Women's Life Writing and the Holocaust: Complicity and Gender in the Second World War"

    ViewsBros "WARTIME VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN"

    Xosé Manuel Núñez Seixas "El frente del Este : historia y memoria de la guerra germano-soviética, 1941-1945"

    اخبار المقطم و الخليفه " إغتصاب برلين الكبير"

    Русская семерка "В чьем плену хуже всего содержались женщины-военные на Второй мировой"

    Nicholas Stargardt "La guerra tedesca. Una nazione sotto le armi 1939-1945"

    Mail Online "Mass grave of 1,800 German soldiers killed at Stalingrad uncovered in Russia"

    PT. Kompas Cyber Media "Kuburan Massal 1.800 Tentara Jerman Ditemukan di Kota Volgograd"

    Công ty Cổ phần Quảng cáo Trực tuyến 24H "Nga: Sửa ống nước, phát hiện 1.800 hài cốt của trận đánh đẫm máu nhất lịch sử"

    LGMI News "Pasang Pipa Air, Tukang Temukan Kuburan Masal 1.837 Tentara Jerman"

    Quora "¿Cuál es un hecho sobre la Segunda Guerra Mundial que la mayoría de las personas no saben y probablemente no quieren saber?"

    "مجله مهاجرت "آنچه روس‌ها در برلین انجام دادند!

    Музейний простiр "Музей на Дніпрі отримав новорічні подарунки під ялинку"

    Bella Gelfand. How in Berlin they killed the wife of the Red Armyman Vladimir Gelfand  

    The book of Paul Roland "Life After the Third Reich: The Struggle to Rise from the Nazi Ruins"

    O Sentinela "Dois Milhões de Alemãs: O Maior Estupro em Massa da História foi um Crime Aliado-Soviético"

    Stratejik Güvenlik "SAVAŞ DOSYASI : TARİHTEN BİR KARE – 2. DÜNYA SAVAŞI BİTİMİNDE ALMANYA’DA KADINLARA TOPLU TECAVÜZLER"

    Агентство новостей «Хакасия-Информ» "Кто остановит шоу Коновалова?"

    Isralike.org "Цена победы. Военный дневник лейтенанта Владимира Гельфанда"

    Robert Dale “For what and for whom were we fighting?”: Red Army Soldiers, Combat Motivation and Survival Strategies on the Eastern Front in the Second World War"

    "طرفداری "پایان رویای نازیسم / سقوط امپراطوری آدولف هیتلر

    Das Buch von Kerstin Bischl "Frontbeziehungen: Geschlechterverhältnisse und Gewaltdynamiken in der Roten Armee 1941-1945"

    Русская семерка "Красноармейцы или солдаты союзников: кто вызывал у немок больший страх"

    Kibalchish "Фрагменты дневников поэта-фронтовика В. Н. Гельфанда"

    History Magazine "Sõjapäevik leitnant Vladimir Gelfand"

    Magazine online "Vojnový denník poručíka Vladimíra Gelfanda"

    theБабель "Український лейтенант Володимир Гельфанд пройшов Другу світову війну від Сталінграда до Берліна"

    Znaj.UA "Жорстокі знущання та масові вбивства: злочини Другої світової показали в моторошних кадрах"

    Gazeta.ua "Масові вбивства і зґвалтування: жорстокі злочини Другої світової війни у фотографіях"

    PikTag "Знали вы о том, что советские солдаты ИЗНАСИЛОВАЛИ бессчетное число женщин по пути к Берлину?"

    Kerstin Bischl "Sammelrezension: Alltagserfahrungen von Rotarmisten und ihr Verhältnis zum Staat"

    Конт "Несколько слов о фронтовом дневнике"

    Livejournal "Уникальный дневник солдата Сталина"

    Sherstinka "Német megszállók és nők. Trófeák Németországból - mi volt és hogyan"

    Олег Сдвижков "Красная Армия в Европе. По страницам дневника Захара Аграненко"

    X-True.Info "«Русские варвары» и «цивилизованные англосаксы»: кто был более гуманным с немками в 1945 году"

    Veröffentlichungen zur brandenburgischen Landesarchäologie "Zwischen Krieg und und Frieden: Waldlager der Roten Armee 1945"

    Sherstinka "Szovjet lányok megerőszakolása a németek által a megszállás alatt. Német fogságba esett nők"

    Dünya Haqqinda "Berlin zorlanmasi: İkinci Dünya Müharibəsi"

    Dioxland "NEMŠKIM VOJAKOM JE BILO ŽAL RUSKIH ŽENSK. VSE KNJIGE SO O: "VOJAŠKIH SPOMINIH NEMŠKEGA..."

    Actionvideo "Gewalt gegen deutsche Frauen durch Soldaten der Roten Armee im Zweiten Weltkrieg"

    Maktime "Was machten die Nazis mit den gefangenen sowjetischen Mädchen? Wer hat deutsche Frauen vergewaltigt und wie sie im besetzten Deutschland gelebt haben"

    Музей «Пам’ять єврейського народу та Голокост в Україні» отримав у дар унікальні експонати

    Sherstinka "Что творили с пленными женщинами фашисты. Жестокие пытки женщин фашистами"

    Bidinvest "Brutalitäten der Sowjetarmee - Über die Gräueltaten der sowjetischen "Befreier" in Europa. Was haben deutsche Soldaten mit russischen Frauen gemacht?"

    Русский сборник XXVII "Советские потребительские практики в «маленьком СССР», 1945-1949"

    Academic Studies Press. Oleg Budnitskii: "Jews at War: Diaries from the Front"

    Gazeta Chojeńska "Wojna to straszna trauma, a nie fajna przygoda"

    Historiadel.net "Crímenes de violación de la Segunda Guerra Mundial y el Ejército de EE. UU."

    화요지식살롱 "2차세계대전 말, 소련에게 베를린을 점령당한 '독일 여자들'이 당한 치욕의 역사"

    The Global Domain News "As the soldiers did to captured German women"

    Quora "Você sabe de algum fato da Segunda Guerra Mundial que a maioria das pessoas não conhece e que, provavelmente, não querem saber?"

    MOZ.de "Als der Krieg an die Oder kam – Flucht aus der Festung Frankfurt"

    Музей "Пам'ять єврейського народу та Голокост в Україні". "1 березня 1923 р. – народився Володимир Гельфанд"

    Wyborcza.pl "Ryk gwałconych kobiet idzie przez pokolenia. Mało kto się nim przejmuje"

    Cноб "Женщина — военный трофей. Polish историк о изнасилованиях в Европе во время Второй мировой"

    Refugo "O estupro da Alemanha"

    Historia National Geographic "la batalla de berlín durante la segunda guerra mundial"

    Politeka "Росіянам напередодні 9 травня нагадали про злочини в Німеччині: «Заплямували себе...»"

    Акценты "Советский офицер раскрыл тайны Второй мировой: рассказал без прикрас"

    БелПресса "Цена Победы. Какой была военная экономика"

    Lucidez "75 años de la rendición nazi: Los matices del “heroísmo” soviético"

    UM CANCERIANO SEM LAR "8 de Maio de 1945"

    Lasteles.com "La Caída de la Alemania Nazi: aniversario de la rendición de Berlin"

    Cloud Mind "Violence Against Women: The Rape Of Berlin WW2"

    Музей "Пам'ять єврейського народу та Голокост в Україні" "8 ТРАВНЯ – ДЕНЬ ПАМ’ЯТІ І ПРИМИРЕННЯ"

    Lunaturaoficial "LIBROS QUE NO HICIERON HISTORIA: EL DIARIO DE LOS HORRORES"

    CUERVOPRESS "El drama oculto de las violaciones masivas durante la caída de Berlín"

    EU Today "The Rape of Berlin: Red Army atrocities in 1945"

    Издательство Яндекс + История будущего "Настоящий 1945"

    Вне строк "Похищение Берлина: зверства Красной армии в 1945 году"

    Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung "Erlebt Russland eine neue Archivrevolution?"

    The book of Beata Halicka "The Polish Wild West: Forced Migration and Cultural Appropriation in the Polish-german Borderlands, 1945-1948"

    Twentieth-Century Literature “A World of Tomorrow”: Trauma, Urbicide, and Documentation in A Woman in Berlin: Eight Weeks in the Conquered City

    Märkische Onlinezeitung "Sowjetische Spuren in Brandenburgs Wäldern"

    Revue Belge de Philologie et d’Histoire "Soviet Diaries of the Great Patriotic War"

    Der Spiegel "Rotarmisten und deutsche Frauen: "Ich gehe nur mit anständigen Russen"

    ReadSector "Mass grave of WWII Nazi paratroopers found in Poland contains 18 skeletons and tools with swastikas"

    ИноСМИ "Der Spiegel (Германия): «Я гуляю только с порядочными русскими»"

    Actionvideo "Jak naziści szydzili z rosyjskich kobiet. Gwałt w Berlinie: nieznana historia wojny"

    Вера Дубина "Сексуальное насилие в памяти о Второй мировой войне"

    Graf Orlov 33 "ДНЕВНИК В. ГЕЛЬФАНДА советского офицера РККА"

    Deutsche Welle "Послевоенная Германия в дневниках и фотографиях"

    Deutsche Welle "За что немки любили в 1945 году лейтенанта Красной армии?"

    Elke Scherstjanoi "Sieger leben in Deutschland: Fragmente einer ungeübten Rückschau. Zum Alltag sowjetischer Besatzer in Ostdeutschland 1945-1949"

    SHR32 "Rus əsgərləri alman qadınlarına necə istehza etdilər. Alman qadınlarını kim zorlayıb və onlar işğal olunmuş Almaniyada necə yaşayıblar"

    Детектор медіа "«Гра тіней»: є сенс продовжувати далі"

    Historia provinciae "Повседневная жизнь победителей в советской зоне оккупации Германии в воспоминаниях участников событий"

    Portal de Prefeitura "Artigo: “FRAU, KOMM!” O maior estupro coletivo da história"

    Pikabu "Извращение или традиция, потерявшая смысл?"

    Русская Семерка "Владимир Гельфанд: от каких слов отказался «отец» мифа об изнасиловании немок советскими солдатами"

    Институт российской истории РАН "Вторая мировая и Великая Отечественная: к 75-летию окончания"

    Kozak UA "Як "діди" німкень паплюжили в 1945 році"

    Dandm "Cómo los nazis se burlaron de las mujeres rusas. Mujeres rusas violadas y asesinadas por los alemanes"

    Permnew.Ru "«Диван» Федора Вострикова. Литобъединение"

    Neurologystatus "Violence women in the Second World War. Shoot vagas: why soldiers rape women"

    Brunilda Ternova "Mass rapes by Soviet troops in Germany at the end of World War II"

    The book Stewart Binns "Barbarossa: And the Bloodiest War in History"

    Reddit "Did the Soviet Army really raped 2 million women during WW2? Are the numbers correct?"

    Книга. Новое литературное обозрение: Будницкий Олег "Люди на войне"

    Леонід Мацієвський "9 травня – День перемоги над здоровим глуздом. Про згвалтовану Європу та Берлін"

    Полит.Ру "Люди на войне"

    #CОЦИАЛЬНАЯ ИСТОРИЯ #ПАМЯТЬ "Владимир Гельфанд: месяц в послевоенном Берлине"

    Новое литературное обозрение "Ирина Прохорова, Олег Будницкий, Иван Толстой: Люди на войне"

    JoyReactor "Зверства советских солдат во время Великой Отечественной войны"

    Georgetown University "Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History": "Emotions and Psychological Survival in the Red Army, 1941–42"

    Forum24 "Co se dělo se zajatými rudoarmějkami? Jaký byl osud zajatých žen z Wehrmachtu?"

    Quora, Inc. "Which was the cruelest army in WW2 and WW1?"

    Радио Свобода "Война и народная память"

    Лехаим "Двадцать второго июня…"

    Русская семёрка "Как изменилось отношение немок к красноармейцам в 1945 году"

    Исторический курьер "Героизм, герои и награды: «героическая сторона» Великой Отечественной войны в воспоминаниях современников"

    Коммерсантъ "Фронт и афронты"

    Русская семёрка "Владимир Гельфанд: что не так в дневниках автора мифа об «изнасилованной» Германии"

    Medium "The Brutal Rapes of Every German Female from Eight to Eighty"

    Neurologystatus "Violence women in the Second World War. Shoot vagas: why soldiers rape women"

    "نیمرخ "نقش زنان در جنگها - قسمت اول: زنان به مثابه قربانی جنگ

    Bolcheknig "Що німці робили з жінками. Уривок з щоденника дівчини, яку німці використовували як безкоштовну робочу силу. Життя в таборі"

    Nrgaudit "Рассказы немецких солдат о войне с русскими. Мнения немцев о русских солдатах во время Второй мировой войны"

    Музей "Пам'ять єврейського народу та Голокост в Україні "На звороті знайомого фото"

    Новое литературное обозрение. Книга: Козлов, Козлова "«Маленький СССР» и его обитатели. Очерки социальной истории советского оккупационного сообщества"

    Sattarov "Mga babaeng sundalo sa pagkabihag ng Aleman. Kabanata limang mula sa librong "Pagkabihag. Ito ang ginawa ng mga Nazi sa mga nahuling kababaihan ng Soviet"

    Política Obrera "Sobre “José Pablo Feinmann y la violación en manada"

    Эхо Москвы "Цена победы. Люди на войне"

    SHR32 "How Russian soldiers mocked German women. Trophies from Germany - what it was and how. Who raped German women and how they lived in occupied Germany"

    Олег Сдвижков: "«Советских порядков не вводить!» Красная армия в Европе 1944—1945 гг."

    Livejournal "Чья бы мычала"

    Newton Compton Editori. Stewart Binns "Operazione Barbarossa. Come Hitler ha perso la Seconda guerra mondiale"

    Kingvape "Rosa Kuleshovs Belichtung. Rosa Kuleshov ist die mysteriöseste Hellseherin der Sowjetzeit. Zwischen rot und grün"

    Kfdvgtu الجوائز من ألمانيا - ما كان عليه وكيف. الذين اغتصبوا الألمانية وكيف عاش في ألمانيا المحتلة

    nc1 "Αναμνήσεις στρατιωτών πρώτης γραμμής για Γερμανίδες. Οι απόψεις των Γερμανών για τους Ρώσους στρατιώτες κατά τον Β' Παγκόσμιο Πόλεμο"

    ik-ptz "Was haben deutsche Soldaten mit russischen Mädchen gemacht? Das haben die Nazis mit gefangenen sowjetischen Frauen gemacht"

    مراجعة عسكرية نساء أوروبا المحررات من خلال عيون الجنود والضباط السوفيت (1944-1945)

    nc1 "Scrisori de soldați ruși despre germani. Cum au șocat femeile sovietice pe ocupanții germani"

    中新健康娱乐网 "柏林战役德国女人 70年前苏军强奸了十万柏林妇女？"

    "پورتال برای دانش آموز. خودآموزی، "نازی ها با زنان اسیر چه کردند؟ نحوه آزار نازی ها از کودکان در اردوگاه کار اجباری سالاسپیلس

    Русская Семерка "Каких штрафников в Красной Армии называли «эсэсовцами»"

    Голос Народу "Саша Корпанюк: Кто и кого изнасиловал в Германии?"

    Gorskie "Новые источники по истории Второй мировой войны: дневники"

    TransQafqaz.com Fedai.az Araşdırma Qrupu

    Ik-ptz "What did the Nazis do with the captured women. How the Nazis abused children in the Salaspils concentration camp"

    Евгений Матонин "22 июня 1941 года. День, когда обрушился мир"

    Ulisse Online "Per non dimenticare: orrori contro i bambini"

    Наука. Общество. Оборона "«Изнасилованная Германия»: из истории современных ментальных войн"

    Quora "Por que muitos soldados estupram mulheres durante guerras?"

    Stefan Creuzberger "Das deutsch-russische Jahrhundert: Geschichte einer besonderen Beziehung"

    პორტალი სტუდენტისთვის "როგორ დასცინოდნენ რუსი ჯარისკაცები გერმანელებს"

    Зеркало "Где и когда русское воинство ЧЕСТЬ потеряло?"

    EU Political Report "Russia is a Country of Marauders and Murderers"

    Mai Khôi Info "Lính Liên Xô 'hãm hiếp phụ nữ Đức'"

    EU Political Report "Russia is a Country of Marauders and Murderers"

    "بالاترین "روایت ستوان روس «ولادیمیر گلفاند» از «تجاوز جنسی» وحشیانه‌ی ارتش سرخ شوروی به «زنان آلمانی»/عکس

    CyberLeninka "Повседневная жизнь победителей в советской зоне оккупации Германии в воспоминаниях участников событий"

    TCH "Можемо повторити": як радянські солдати по-звірячому і безкарно ґвалтували німецьких жінок

    인사이트 "2차 세계 대전 때에도 독일 점령한 뒤 여성 200만명 성폭행했던 러시아군"

    Robert Lansing Institute "War crimes to reflect the essence of Russians"

    Pravda.Ru "Fake news about fake rapes in Ukraine to ruin Russian solder's image"

    Alexey Tikhomirov "The Stalin Cult in East Germany and the Making of the Postwar Soviet Empire, 1945-1961"

    Дилетант "Олег Будницкий / Человек на фоне эпох / Книжное казино. Истории"

    The Sault Star "OPINION: Suffering of children an especially ugly element of war"

    El Español "Por qué la Brutalidad del Ejército Ruso se Parece más a una Novela de Stephen King que de Orwell"

    Ratnik.tv "Одесса. Еврейский вопрос. Дорогами смерти"

    Алексей Митрофанов "Коммунальная квартира"

    Militaergeschichtliche Zeitschrift "Evakuierungs‑ und Kriegsschauplatz Mark Brandenburg"

    Raovatmaytinh "Phim cấp 3 tội ác tra tấn tình dục và hiếp dâm của phát xít đức phần 1"

    Apollo.lv "Kā Otrais pasaules karš noslēdzās ar PSRS armijas veiktu masveida izvarošanas kampaņu Vācijā"

    Как ў Беларусі "Who raped whom in Germany" / "Кто кого насиловал в Германии"

    Konkretyka "Діди-ґвалтівники, або міф про «воїнів-освободітєлєй»"

    LinkedIn "Grandfathers-rapists, or the myth of "warriors-liberators"​. Typical Russian imperial character"

    Danielleranucci "Lit in the Time of War: Gelfand, Márquez, and Ung"

    Смоленская газета "Истинная правда и её фальшивые интерпретации"

    Дзен "Я влюбился в портрет Богоматери..." Из фронтовых дневников лейтенанта Владимира Гельфанда

    Дзен "Праздник Победы отчасти горек для меня..." Зарубежные впечатления офицера Красной армии Гельфанда

    UkrLineInfo "Жiноча смикалка: способи самозахисту від сексуального насилля в роки Другої світової війни"

    Memo Club. Владимир Червинский: "Одесские истории без хэппи энда"

    Thomas Kersting, Christoph Meißner, Elke Scherstjanoi "Die Waldlager der Roten Armee 1945/46: Archäologie und Geschichte"

    Jean Lopez, Lasha Otkhmezuri "Barbarossa - 1941: La guerre absolue"

    Дилетант "Дневники военного времени"

    Goldenfront "Самосуд над полицаями в Одессе в 1944 году: что это было"

    Gedenkstätten Buchenwald "Nach dem Krieg. Spuren der sowjetischen Besatzungszeit in Weimar 1945-50: Ein Stadtrundgang"

    Historia National Geographic "la segunda guerra mundial al completo, historia del conflicto que cambió el mundo"

    સ્વર્ગારોહણ "કેવી રીતે રશિયન સૈનિકોએ જર્મન લોકોની મજાક ઉડાવી"

    Absorbwell "Causas Y Consecuencias De La Segunda Guerra Mundial Resumen"

    לחימה יהודית א. יהודים בצבא האדום

    Український світ "«Можем повторіть» — про звірства російських солдат під час Другої світової війни"

    Oleg Budnitskii, David Engel, Gennady Estraikh, Anna Shternshis: "Jews in the Soviet Union: A History: War, Conquest, and Catastrophe, 1939–1945"

    Andrii Portnov "Dnipro: An Entangled History of a European City"

    Татьяна Шишкова "Внеждановщина. Советская послевоенная политика в области культуры как диалог с воображаемым Западом"

    The Chilean "Roto". "VIOLADA"

    Дзен "Немок сажайте на мохнатые мотороллеры". Что сделали с пленными немками в Советском Союзе"

    ProNews "Σιλεσία 1945: Με εθνοκάθαρση η πρώτη τιμωρία των Γερμανών για τα εγκλήματα τους στο Β΄ ΠΠ"

    Livejournal "Одесситы - единственные в СССР - устроили самосуд в 1944 году"

    Scribd "Estupro em Massa de Alemãs"

    Музей «Пам’ять єврейського народу та Голокост в Україні» ЦЬОГО ДНЯ – 100-РІЧЧЯ ВІД ДНЯ НАРОДЖЕННЯ ВОЛОДИМИРА ГЕЛЬФАНДА

    Davidzon Radio "Владимир Гельфанд. Шокирующий дневник войны". Валерия Коренная в программе "Крылья с чердака"

    Імекс ЛТД "Історичний календар Кіровоградщини 2023 рік. Люди. Події. Факти"

    Quora "Open to the weather, lacking even primitive sanitary facilities, underfed, the prisoners soon began dying of starvation and disease"

    Infobae "El calvario de las mujeres tras la caída de Berlín: violaciones masivas del Ejército Rojo y ola de suicidios"

    Научная электронная библиотека "Военные и блокадные дневники в издательском репертуаре современной России (1941–1945)"

    Historywithatwist "How Russia has used rape as a weapon of war"

    Інститут історії України "Романтичні стосунки дівчат і жінок із солдатами ворожих армій у роки німецько-радянської війни"

    Я "Масові зґвалтування радянськими військовими німецьких жінок в Берліні під час Другої світової війни"

    Periodista Digital "Las terribles violaciones ocultas tras la caída de Berlín"

    Tạp chí Nước Đức "Hồng quân Liên Xô, nỗi kinh hoàng của phụ nữ Berlin năm 1945"

    "زیتون | سایت خبری‌ تحلیلی زیتون "بدن زن؛ سرزمینی که باید فتح شود!

    Enciclopedia Kiddle Español "Evacuación de Prusia Oriental para niños"

    Ukraine History "Діди-ґвалтівники, або міф про «воїнів-визволителів». Типовий російський імперський характер"

    LWL Landesmuseum Herne "Sterne im Wald - Soldaten der Roten Armee zwischen Krieg und Frieden 1945"

    Локальна Історiя "Жаске дежавю: досвід зустрічі з "визволителями"

    Tamás Kende "Class War or Race War The Inner Fronts of Soviet Society during and after the Second World War"

    museum-digital berlin "Vladimir Natanovič Gel'fand"

    니콜라스 스타가르트 저 "독일인의 전쟁 1939-1945"

    知乎 "苏联红军在二战中的邪恶暴行"

    Вестник Омского Университета "ВЕЛИКАЯ ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННАЯ ВОЙНА В ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСКОМ ИЗМЕРЕНИИ"

    Mast.al "Silesia 1945: Spastrimin Etnik, Dënimi i Parë i Gjermanëve për Krimet e Tyre në L2B"

    Quora "History of World War 2 and its aftermath"

    Засновано на реальних подіях: "Ґвалтували КОЖНУ від 8 до 80..!" - свідчення "подвигів" червоноармійців у Німеччині, Польщі та СРСР

    Teletype "И три дня на разграбление…"

    Еврейский музей и центр толерантности "По следам дневников Гельфанда"

    Jornal de Psicanálise "Homens homenageados usurpam os corpos de mulheres violadas, e a guerra não tem rosto de mulher: apenas corpos"

    Brandenburgikon "Waldlager der Roten Armee"

    Bertrada.uno "Apa yang Terjadi pada Mayat-mayat di Pertempuran Berlin?" /Grunge "What Happened To The Bodies At The Battle Of Berlin?"

    Сноб Медиа «Истоки советской фотографии» в Еврейском музее

    Das Buch von Volker Heise "1945"

    Regioactive "Anonyma (i. e. Marta Hillers) und Wladimir N. Gelfand. Doppelporträts und exemplarische Texte"

    United24 Media "Sexual Violence as a Tool Of Russian Warfare, From World War II to Today in Ukraine"

    Музей "Пам'ять єврейського народу та Голокост в Україні": "Мрія бути письменником"

    Еврейская община Днепра "Єврейський Музей уперше опублікував уривки зі знаменитого щоденника Володимира Гельфанда"

    "خبرفوری "رازهای مگوی جنگ جهانی دوم؛ ماجرای تجاوز ارتش سرخ شوروی به زنان آلمانی چه بود؟ / از سربازان پیر تا همسایگان خاموش

    Medium "80 Years After World War II: Love and Hatred in the Ruins — Vladimir Gelfand’s Diaries as a Mirror of Soviet Memory"

    Hit Radio FFH "Was bisher geschah. Kriegsende 1945. Hitlers letzte Offensive"

    Jewish "В Еврейском музее откроется выставка в честь 80-летия Победы"

    Museum Berlin-Karlshorst "LA CAPITULATION ALLEMANDE DE MAI 1945" /"KAPITULACJA NIEMIECKA W MAJU 1945 R."

    Das Buch von Will und Roswitha Quadflieg »Ich will lieber schweigen«: Das Tagebuch eines Schauspielers aus den Jahren 1945/46 und die Fragen seiner Tochter

    Storica National Geographic "La Seconda Guerra Mondiale nella sua interezza: storia di un conflitto che ha cambiato il mondo"

    Deutsche Welle "2 de maio de 1945: a queda da Berlim nazista"

    Museum Berlin-Karlshorst "DIE DEUTSCHE KAPITULATION IM MAI 1945"

    Ukraine History "Діди-ґвалтівники, або міф про «воїнів-визволителів». Типовий російський імперський характер"

    Copernico "Völkerwanderung. Der Schauplatz Reetz (Neumark) 1945"

    Museum Berlin-Karlshorst "КАПІТУЛЯЦІЯ НІМЕЧЧИНИ У ТРАВНІ 1945 РОКУ" /"THE GERMAN SURRENDER IN MAY 1945"

    lenta.ru «Улыбаясь и плача, обнимаются и целуются все подряд» Великая Победа в воспоминаниях очевидцев. Как мир встретил 9 мая 1945 года?

    Here "Echoes from the Abyss: A Monologue on War's Hidden Wounds"

    Дзен "Что сделали красноармейцы с пленной немецкой девушкой"

    Leonardo Historia "SAQUEO DE BERLIN - SEGUNDA GUERRA MUNDIAL"

    PressReader: Muy Historia "VIOLACIONES MASIVAS DE BERLINESAS"

    Weekend "Не забыть никогда"

    SAGA Egmont "Berlins fall"

    Das Buch von Rüdiger Barth, Hauke Friederichs "Deutschland 1946: Das Wunder beginnt"

    В пламени историй "Что делали красноармейцы с пленными немецкими девушками? Вся правда о «миллионах жертв» немок!"

    Lark " 从柏林到布查：弗拉基米尔·盖尔芬德的日记与重复的暴力之镜。"

    Jean Lopez , Lasha Otkhmezuri "Operațiunea Barbarossa. Frontul de Est, 1941. Războiul total"

    Historical Frontlines "A Soviet Soldier's First Sight of Germany: What They Found"

    e-noticies "La victòria i la misèria: el front oriental a través dels ulls de Vladímir Gelfand"

    Новоархангельський краєзнавчий музей "Володимир Натанович Гельфанд"

    Alexander Wallasch: Melnyk am sowjetischen Ehrenmal in Berlin: „Die Ukrainer haben Berlin befreit“

    Instagram "Vladimir Gelfand, un ukrainien à Berlin"